Relocating to the UK for work can be a significant career move, offering numerous opportunities for professional growth and development. However, the process of obtaining a UK work permit can be complex and requires careful attention to detail. This guide will provide a comprehensive, step-by-step approach to help you navigate the application process smoothly.
Understanding UK Work Permits
Understanding which type of visa suits your situation is the first step in the application process.
What is a UK Work Permit?
A UK work permit, also known as a Tier 2 (General) visa, allows non-European Economic Area (EEA) nationals to work in the UK. This visa is typically sponsored by a UK employer who holds a valid sponsorship license. The work permit is essential for ensuring that your employment in the UK is legal and compliant with immigration laws.
Types of Work Permits
There are several types of UK work permits, including:
Tier 2 (General) Visa: For skilled workers with a job offer from a UK employer.
Tier 2 (Intra-Company Transfer) Visa: For employees of multinational companies transferring to a UK branch.
Tier 2 (Minister of Religion) Visa: For individuals coming to work for a religious organization.
Tier 2 (Sportsperson) Visa: For elite athletes and coaches.
Step 1: Securing a Job Offer
Finding a UK Employer
To apply for a UK work permit, you must first secure a job offer from a UK employer. This employer must hold a valid sponsorship license issued by the UK Home Office. Job search platforms like LinkedIn, Indeed, and specialized recruitment agencies can help you find suitable job opportunities.
Sponsorship Certificate
Once you receive a job offer, your employer will provide you with a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS). This certificate contains a unique reference number and information about the job role and salary. The CoS is a critical document required for your visa application.
Step 2: Checking Eligibility
Points-Based System
The UK work permit application operates on a points-based system. To qualify for a Tier 2 (General) visa, you need to score a minimum of 70 points. Points are awarded based on the following criteria:
- Job Offer from a Licensed Sponsor: 20 points
- Job at the Appropriate Skill Level: 20 points
- English Language Proficiency: 10 points
- Salary Requirements: 20 points (varies based on job role)
English Language Requirements
You must prove your proficiency in English. This can be done by passing an approved English language test or holding a degree taught in English. The required level is generally at least CEFR level B1 (equivalent to IELTS 4.0-5.0).
Step 3: Preparing Your Application
Required Documents
Gathering the necessary documents is crucial for a successful application. You will need:
- Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS): Provided by your employer.
- Proof of English Language Proficiency: Test results or academic qualifications.
- Proof of Funds: Bank statements showing you have enough money to support yourself (usually £1,270).
- Valid Passport: Must be current and valid for the duration of your stay.
- Criminal Record Certificate: From any country where you have lived for 12 months or more in the last 10 years.
Application Form
You can apply online for a Tier 2 (General) visa through the UK government website. Ensure that all information is accurate and complete. Any discrepancies can lead to delays or rejection of your application.
Step 4: Submitting Your Application
Paying the Fees
There are several fees associated with the application process:
- Visa Application Fee: Varies based on the length of stay and whether you are applying from inside or outside the UK.
- Healthcare Surcharge: An annual fee to access the UK’s National Health Service (NHS).
Biometric Information
You will need to provide biometric information, including your fingerprints and a digital photograph, at a visa application center. This step is essential for processing your visa.
Step 5: Waiting for a Decision
Processing Time
The processing time for a Tier 2 (General) visa is typically three weeks if you are applying from outside the UK. However, processing times can vary, so it’s advisable to apply well in advance of your planned move.
Decision Outcome
You will be notified of the decision via email or post. If your application is successful, you will receive a vignette (sticker) in your passport, allowing you to enter the UK. Once in the UK, you must collect your Biometric Residence Permit (BRP) within 10 days.
Step 6: After Arrival
Collecting Your BRP
Upon arrival in the UK, collect your BRP from the designated post office within 10 days. The BRP serves as proof of your right to stay, work, and access services in the UK.
Settling In
Settle into your new job and environment. It’s important to familiarize yourself with local laws and regulations. Joining expat communities and professional networks can help ease your transition and provide support.
Overall, applying for a UK work permit involves several steps, from securing a job offer to gathering the necessary documents and submitting your application. By following this step-by-step guide, you can navigate the process with confidence and embark on your new career journey in the UK.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is a Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) and why is it important?
A Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) is a unique reference number and document provided by your UK employer, who must be a licensed sponsor. It contains details about your job role, salary, and employment terms. The CoS is crucial for your work permit application, as it confirms that your employer is legally sponsoring your move to the UK and that you have a valid job offer.
How do I prove my English language proficiency?
You can prove your English language proficiency by passing an approved English language test, such as the IELTS, or by holding a degree that was taught in English. The required proficiency level is generally at least CEFR level B1, which is equivalent to an IELTS score of 4.0-5.0. You must provide the test results or academic qualifications as part of your application.
How long does it take to process a UK work permit application?
The processing time for a Tier 2 (General) visa is usually around three weeks if you are applying from outside the UK. However, processing times can vary depending on the volume of applications and other factors. It’s advisable to apply well in advance of your intended move to ensure sufficient time for processing.
Can I bring my family with me to the UK on a work permit?
Yes, you can bring your family members to the UK if you have a work permit. Eligible family members include your spouse or partner and your children under 18. Each family member must apply for a dependent visa, which involves providing their own documentation and paying the relevant fees. They will also need to prove that they can be supported financially while in the UK.
What is the healthcare surcharge, and do I need to pay it?
The healthcare surcharge is an annual fee that allows you to access the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) during your stay. The amount varies depending on the length of your visa. This surcharge must be paid as part of your visa application process. Once paid, you and your dependents will be entitled to use NHS services without additional charges, although some services may require additional payments.
What should I do if my work permit application is refused?
If your work permit application is refused, you will receive a letter explaining the reasons for the refusal. You may be able to appeal the decision or request an administrative review if you believe there was an error in processing your application. It’s crucial to address the specific issues mentioned in the refusal letter. Consulting with an immigration advisor or solicitor can also help you understand your options and improve your chances of a successful application in the future.
How long can I stay in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) visa?
A Tier 2 (General) visa is usually granted for up to five years and 14 days, or the duration of your employment contract, whichever is shorter. You can extend your visa as long as you continue to meet the eligibility requirements and have a valid job offer from a licensed sponsor. After five years, you may also be eligible to apply for indefinite leave to remain (ILR), allowing you to live and work in the UK permanently.
Can I switch jobs while on a Tier 2 (General) visa?
You can switch jobs while on a Tier 2 (General) visa, but you must obtain a new Certificate of Sponsorship (CoS) from your new employer, who must also be a licensed sponsor. You will need to apply to update your visa to reflect your new job. The new role must meet the visa requirements, including the appropriate skill level and salary threshold. The application to switch jobs should be made before you start your new employment.
What happens after my Tier 2 (General) visa expires?
Before your Tier 2 (General) visa expires, you should apply to extend it if you wish to continue working in the UK. If you do not extend your visa, you must leave the UK before it expires. Overstaying your visa can lead to serious consequences, including being banned from re-entering the UK. If you have been in the UK for five years on a Tier 2 (General) visa, you may be eligible to apply for indefinite leave to remain (ILR), allowing you to live and work in the UK without time restrictions.