9. Georgia (1300 BCE)
Georgia is a country located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, in the Caucasus region. Georgia’s ancient history is characterized by the Colchian and Iberian civilizations, which existed in the region from the 6th century BC to the 4th century AD. The region later came under the rule of the Persian Empire and then the Roman Empire. It is one of the oldest countries in the world, with a history that spans thousands of years. In the medieval era, Georgia was known for its powerful kingdoms, including the Kingdom of Georgia and the Kingdom of Imereti. The Georgian kingdoms were characterized by their military strength, sophisticated architecture, and contributions to the arts and sciences. was introduced to Georgia in the 4th century AD and became the state religion in the 5th century AD.
Georgian Christianity, with its unique liturgy, chants, and iconography, has had a profound impact on Georgian culture and identity. One of the most significant figures in Georgian history is King David IV, also known as David the Builder. He reigned from 1089 to 1125 and is credited with unifying Georgia into a powerful state and leading it through a period of cultural and economic growth. Georgia later came under the rule of various empires, including the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire. The country briefly gained independence in 1918 before being absorbed into the Soviet Union in 1921. Georgia regained its independence in 1991 following the collapse of the Soviet Union.